Online Object Relations therapists in Pennsylvania
Browse online Object Relations therapists in Pennsylvania. Compare credentials, specialties and therapeutic approach. Contact a therapist to learn more.
Object Relations
Linda Friedman
Psychologist, Psy.D.
I offer online therapy as a convenient and comfortable alternative for individuals with diverse needs, seeking effective treatment from the comfort of their own space.
22 Years Experience
In-Person in Media, PA 19063
Online in
PSYPACT states
Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, CNMI, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
Object Relations
Charles R. Davenport, Psy.D.
Psychologist, Licensed Psychologist
Dr. Charles R. Davenport offers convenient and accessible online therapy services to clients in over 40 states. With over two decades of experience, Dr. Davenport provides high-quality mental health care from the comfort of your own home. His telehealth services are designed to help individuals, couples, and families navigate life’s challenges, including anxiety, depression, relationship issues, and career stress.
Dr. Davenport utilizes evidence-based therapeutic techniques, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and mindfulness practices, to deliver effective and personalized care. His approach is tailored to meet the unique needs of each client, ensuring that you receive the support and guidance you need to achieve emotional well-being and personal growth.
Online therapy with Dr. Davenport offers the flexibility to schedule sessions at times that work best for you, eliminating the need for travel and making it easier to fit therapy into your busy life. Whether you are dealing with stress, managing a mental health condition, or seeking personal development, Dr. Davenport is committed to helping you achieve your goals through compassionate and collaborative therapy.
Experience the benefits of professional mental health care from the convenience of your own space with Dr. Charles R. Davenport’s online therapy services.
21 Years Experience
In-Person in Venice, FL 34292
In-Person in Sarasota, FL 34236
Online in
PSYPACT states
Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, CNMI, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
Object Relations
Sarah Fandel
Counselor/Therapist, LPC, LMHC, LCPC
Hello! I am passionate about building a trusting, authentic therapeutic relationship where you feel supported, understood, and empowered. I believe therapy can help you develop greater self-awareness, foster meaningful change, and cultivate healthier ways of relating to yourself and others. Whether you are seeking support for a specific concern or are interested in broader self-exploration and personal growth, I am honored you are considering working with me.
My approach is collaborative, eclectic, and grounded in evidence-based practices. I have training and experience in psychodynamic psychotherapy, parts work (IFS), Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT), Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), Exposure & Response Prevention (ERP) Narrative Therapy, and Accelerated Resolution Therapy (ART). I have also completed Level 1 training in the Gottman Method for Couples Therapy. While I am not currently offering couples therapy, I may incorporate Gottman principles into individual sessions for clients who wish to strengthen their relationships.
I work with clients affected by depression; anxiety; systems of oppression, trauma or abuse; life transition difficulties; emotion dysregulation; attachment and relationship concerns; disordered eating patterns, body image issues; obsessive compulsive tendencies; phobias; gender dysphoria; and identity concerns.
11 Years Experience
Online in Illinois, Iowa, Pennsylvania
(Online Only)
Object Relations
Linda Michlin Ludwig
Psychologist, Ph.D.
I received my Ph.D. in clinical psychology from Yale University in 1974. My four-year postdoctoral Certificate in Psychoanalysis is from the Westchester Center for the Study of Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy. People enter psychotherapy with mixed emotions of hope and doubt. I try to provide a warm environment conducive to honest, authentic communication. My work is guided as much by my own years of personal therapy and psychoanalysis as by my formal education.
50 Years Experience
Online in
PSYPACT states
Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, CNMI, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
(Online Only)
Object Relations
Eileen Griffin
Psychologist, PsyD
Therapy doesn’t have to happen in an office to be meaningful. Sometimes, being in your own space actually makes it easier to settle in, be honest, and talk about the things that are harder to say out loud. I provide online psychotherapy for adults across Maryland and participating PSYPACT states.
I work with people who are thoughtful, capable, and often pretty good at holding things together—but who are tired of carrying everything on their own. My approach is relational, trauma-informed, and depth-oriented. We’ll look beyond the surface of what’s bothering you and get curious about the patterns underneath it—while keeping an eye on where you want to go from here.
8 Years Experience
In-Person in Baltimore, MD 21230
Online in
PSYPACT states
Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, CNMI, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
Object Relations
Dr. Adam Shafer (Chicago, IL)
Psychologist, Psy. D., M.A.
Life in recent times has required all of us to make adjustments and transition some parts of our lives to the virtual space. It makes sense that healthcare services accommodate the needs of people in this way to offer the opportunity for support from afar. As a result, a significant part of my practice over the past few years has been in the service of providing tele-therapy for those who reside within the states governed by PSYPACT. For more information about my availability, please feel free to contact me.
17 Years Experience
In-Person in Chicago, IL 60607
Online in
PSYPACT states
Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, CNMI, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
Object Relations
Dr. George Lough
Psychologist, Ph.D., S.E.P.
With over forty years of practicing psychotherapy I use a variety of modalities, including Somatic Experiencing and NARM for trauma and Sexual Abuse, Jungian Dream Interpretation, Humanistic Person-Centered Therapy, and Couples Therapy
48 Years Experience
Online in California, Iowa,
PSYPACT states
Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, CNMI, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
(Online Only)
Object Relations
Donna M Torbico - HEAL & GROW for ACoAs
Counselor/Therapist, Recovery Therapist in Private Practice 40 years
I look forward to working with anyone seriously interested in developing healthy Self esteem & positive Personal Power.
Please read something from the blog - it has over 1,500 posts!
40 Years Experience
Online in Multiple States
Connecticut, Florida, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Texas, Washington, D.C., West Virginia
,
Multiple Canadian Provinces
Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario
(Online Only)
Object Relations
Beth Janis
Psychologist, Ph.D.
Life can be full of difficult moments, unexpected transitions, and painful relationships. They may leave you feeling overwhelmed, discouraged, or as though you’ve lost who you are. You may be finding yourself resorting back to old patterns during times of stress, even if those patterns no longer serve you well. Although you may be feeling stuck, you’re sure that you want things to change. Together, we can walk through your experiences side by side. You deserve a space in which you feel heard and supported, and where we can work towards gaining a deeper understanding of yourself, your experiences, and your relationships.
Clients come to me seeking a therapist who is warm, understanding, and accepting. I always strive to meet you where you are - to follow your pace, to assist you in identifying and navigating the places you feel stuck, and to collaborate with you on moving toward the goals that are important to you.
As a licensed clinical psychologist with extensive experience supporting children, adolescents, and adults, I tailor my approach to fit your current needs, as well as your unique strengths and concerns. You don't have to keep going through this alone. Contact me for a free 15-minute consultation to determine if we could be a good fit.
8 Years Experience
In-Person in Crofton, MD
Online in California,
PSYPACT states
Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, CNMI, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
Object Relations
Keri Downs, Psy.D.
Psychologist, Licensed Psychologist
Dr. Keri Downs offers convenient and accessible online therapy services to clients in over 40 states. With over 15 years of experience, Dr. Downs provides high-quality mental health care from the comfort of your own home. Her telehealth services are designed to help children, adolescents, and their families navigate emotional, behavioral, and social challenges, including anxiety, depression, ADHD, and trauma.
Dr. Downs utilizes evidence-based therapeutic techniques, such as Trauma-Focused Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) and the Attachment, Self-Regulation, and Competency (ARC) framework, to deliver effective and personalized care. Her approach is tailored to meet the unique needs of each client, ensuring that you receive the support and guidance needed to achieve emotional well-being and personal growth.
Online therapy with Dr. Downs offers the flexibility to schedule sessions at times that work best for you, eliminating the need for travel and making it easier to fit therapy into your busy life. Whether you are dealing with stress, managing a mental health condition, or seeking personal development, Dr. Downs is committed to helping you achieve your goals through compassionate and collaborative therapy.
Experience the benefits of professional mental health care from the convenience of your own space with Dr. Keri Downs’s online therapy services.
21 Years Experience
In-Person in Sarasota, FL 34236
In-Person in Venice, FL 34292
Online in
PSYPACT states
Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, CNMI, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
Object Relations
Michael Brustein
Psychologist, Psy.D
Michael Brustein is a Clinical Psychologist in NYC with training from Harvard Medical School and Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology. He works with high-striving, curious professionals who struggle with anxiety, anger, OCD, and perfectionism. He also works extensively with executives, founders, and C-suite leaders navigating burnout, high-pressure decision making, leadership stress, and the emotional costs of sustained performance. His book, Perfectionism: A Guide for Mental Health Professionals, is one of the foundational textbooks for clinicians learning to manage perfectionistic clients. As an assistant professor at Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Michael has taught psychotherapy techniques, abnormal psychology, and group therapy.
Michael's approach integrates CBT, mindfulness, and psychodynamic theory. His integrated approach helps clients increase their emotional intelligence, self-awareness, and capacity to navigate relationships. Michael teaches clients practical techniques to help reduce rumination and emotional reactivity.
Michael also has extensive training in psychodynamic theory to help clients facilitate self-discovery and exploration. Through empathic listening, Michael creates a safe environment where clients feel comfortable reflecting on and gaining insight into their relationship patterns and the underlying causes of problematic emotional responses. He also integrates bibliotherapy and cinema into his therapeutic practice to facilitate deeper exploration of clients' thoughts, emotions, and relationship dynamics. Often, clients identify with characters, plotlines, and themes that mirror personal struggles or internal conflicts that may be difficult to verbalize or express consciously.
22 Years Experience
Online in New York,
PSYPACT states
Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, CNMI, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
(Online Only)
Object Relations
Jason Herr
Psychologist, Psy.D.
I offer secure and confidential online therapy for individuals and couples seeking flexibility and convenience without sacrificing the depth or quality of care. Telehealth allows clients to engage in meaningful therapeutic work from the comfort of their own environment while maintaining consistency in treatment.
My approach to online therapy remains collaborative, practical, and insight-oriented. Sessions focus on building self-awareness, improving emotional regulation, and developing effective coping and communication skills. I also incorporate education about how stress, anxiety, and trauma affect the brain and nervous system, helping clients better understand and manage their emotional responses in real time.
Online therapy can be an effective and accessible way to engage in personal growth, strengthen relationships, and address life’s challenges while maintaining the demands of work, family, and daily life.
16 Years Experience
Online in
PSYPACT states
Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, CNMI, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
(Online Only)
Object Relations
Dr. Brian Sharpless
Psychologist, Ph.D., Clinical Psychology; M.A., Philosophy
I have experience conducting teletherapy and assessment using a variety of online platforms. Please note that I only work with individuals (i.e., no couple, family, or group therapy).
19 Years Experience
In-Person in Frederick, MD
In-Person in Jefferson, MD 21755
Online in Poland,
PSYPACT states
Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, CNMI, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
Object Relations
Sara Fraser
Psychologist, PhD
Like many of you, the pandemic profoundly impacted the way I live and work. I moved my practice completely online in the face of COVID restrictions and have not returned to in person work. I was impressed with the way that online therapy offered clients many more options for their work with me and I found clients able to keep up with their sessions consistently and reliably with more connection options open to them. Via safe and secure telehealth sessions, I offer parent consultation for kiddos under 10, online therapy with older kids, teens and families and individual therapy for adults, specializing in trauma and trauma focused therapies.
26 Years Experience
Online in California, New York,
PSYPACT states
Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, CNMI, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
(Online Only)
Object Relations
Dr. Katy Crone
Psychologist, Psy.D., LCP
Relational Insight offers individual, couples, and family therapy for clients struggling with a variety of issues and those looking for personal growth and insight. Video sessions should be covered the same by your insurance as in-person visits. Research supports the effectiveness of virtual psychotherapy, and many have found undergoing treatment within their home space allows both increased convenience as well as an easier transfer of skills out of the therapy session and into real life. We have found there are a few ways to increase effectiveness and connectedness of the therapeutic relationship including a ensuring a strong internet connection with closed browsers and reduced distractions, positioning the camera so your therapist can view your body language, closing the self-view so you are not distracted by your own image, and alerting your therapist to any barriers to the therapeutic bond.
15 Years Experience
Online in
PSYPACT states
Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, CNMI, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
(Online Only)
Object Relations
Greta Carlson, Psy.D., ABPP
Psychologist, Licensed Clinical Psychologist
Welcome! I'm a board-certified clinical psychologist (Psy.D.) who sees adolescents and young adults by teletherapy. I completed a postdoctoral fellowship in trauma and dissociative disorders at Sheppard Pratt Health System, and a residency in child and adolescent psychology at the Center for Cognitive Therapy and Assessment. I provide cognitive behavioral therapy, TF-CBT, and psychodynamic therapy depending on what your need is. I treat anxiety disorders including OCD, social anxiety, and specific phobias with prolonged exposure (PE) as needed; trauma and PTSD; and mood disorders, in addition to providing organizational skills, working on motivation and initiating tasks, and providing reward systems for completion of tasks and goals.
7 Years Experience
Online in
PSYPACT states
Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, CNMI, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
(Online Only)
Object Relations
Cheryl S Rubenstein
Psychologist, PhD
I am a paycholigist specializing in working with mood disorders, anxiety, OCD, eating and body image issues and women who are going through infertility treatments or are pregnant or struggling postpartum. I also work with parents to develop improved parenting strategies. I work with all ages in person and with people 16 and older virtually.
19 Years Experience
In-Person in Severna Park, MD 21146
Online in
PSYPACT states
Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, CNMI, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
Object Relations
Nancy Hayes-Gary, Psy.D.
Psychologist, Licensed Psychologist, MD , Psy.D.
I offer 30+ years as a trauma specialist as well as a generalist. I work with trauma of all kinds, including childhood abuse and neglect, dissociation, PTSD, depression and anxiety problems, traumatic divorce, loss/death of a loved one, or chronic illness. I also have a subspecialty in treatment of teens and young adults. I am also qualified at the advanced levels of two types of hypnosis. I’m a virtual, out of network therapist.
33 Years Experience
Online in
PSYPACT states
Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, CNMI, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
(Online Only)
Object Relations
Christine Sparacino
Psychologist, PsyD
I provide online therapy through video conferencing on a HIPAA compliant program, allowing the most privacy. With virtual therapy, individuals can access appointments more easily, with greater flexibility in their schedule.
23 Years Experience
Online in
PSYPACT states
Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, CNMI, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
(Online Only)
Object Relations
Dr. Amy Hecht
Psychologist, PhD
I offer secure, confidential online therapy for individuals, couples, and families, making it easier to access support from the comfort and privacy of your own space. Virtual sessions allow for flexibility while maintaining the same level of care, thoughtfulness, and engagement as in-person work.
Online therapy can be especially helpful for those with busy schedules, travel constraints, or who simply feel more at ease meeting from home. I work to ensure that sessions remain focused, connected, and meaningful, even in a virtual setting.
For clients seeking family-building evaluations or time-sensitive services, online appointments also allow for quicker scheduling and efficient completion of the process without compromising quality.
26 Years Experience
In-Person in Charlotte, NC 28270
Online in Multiple States
California, Iowa, New York, Oregon
,
PSYPACT states
Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, CNMI, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming