Online Addictions therapists in Rhode Island
We are proud to feature top rated online Addictions therapists in Rhode Island. We encourage you to review each profile to find your best match.
Substance Abuse
Arroyo Psychological Services
Psychologist
We provide a safe, non-judgmental environment for individuals working to understand and overcome addictive behaviors. Our clinicians help clients identify triggers, develop coping strategies, and rebuild meaningful connections as part of recovery. We believe in compassionate support that fosters both accountability and hope for lasting change.
9 Years Experience
In-Person in Scottsdale, AZ 85260
Online in
PSYPACT states
Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, CNMI, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
Substance Abuse
Dr. Ruth Viehoff
Psychologist, PsyD, HSPP
Alcohol and marijuana use can often be related to suppressing or avoiding negative emotion. While this works in the short-term, it doesn't address our tendency to avoid or fix the emotional problems we're having. Through therapy, we will work to increase your tolerance to negative emotional states and replace alcohol and marijuana use with healthier coping strategies.
13 Years Experience
In-Person in Indianapolis, IN 46220
Online in Massachusetts, New York,
PSYPACT states
Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, CNMI, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
Substance Abuse
Candace Plattor
Drug and Alcohol Counselor, M.A. in Counselling Psychology from Adler University
As a specialist in Addictions and Substance Abuse, I have over 35 years clean and sober myself. I believe that even though there is brain involvement in addictive behaviours, addiction is primarily a choice that people make to not have to deal with the reality of their situations - and that the addict can make a different choice. Family members often don't understand the difference between ENABLING and HELPING when they try to support the addicts they love. When families can stop enabling their addict and start helping instead, the addict then has a better chance of recovery from addiction. When addiction is in a family, everyone is affected and everyone needs to heal.
35 Years Experience
Online in Multiple States
Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Northern Mariana Islands, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
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Multiple Canadian Provinces
Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland And Labrador, Northwest Territories, Nova Scotia, Nunavut, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Yukon
(Online Only)
Substance Abuse
Mary Knoblock, DNH
Hypnotherapist, DNH, RTT Practitioner, Hypnotist, Holistic Naturopath Practitioner, Spiritual Counselor
With the use of RTT and other tools like emotion code and health coaching and hypnosis, I find that clients respond favorably and find their addiction lesson in and their coping skills increasing to deal with addictions/substance abuse etc.
11 Years Experience
Online in Switzerland, United Kingdom, Multiple States
Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
(Online Only)
Substance Abuse
True Purpose Behavioral Health Services, PLLC
Psychologist, PhD
I have multiple years of experience providing therapy in relation to substance abuse and addiction. Specific strategies in therapy will involve the following: Collaboratively setting goals, identifying underlying motivations for substance abuse, learning internal and external triggers, learning stress management tools, and developing problem solving skills.
6 Years Experience
In-Person in Maitland, FL 32751
Online in
PSYPACT states
Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, CNMI, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
Substance Abuse
Clear Path Counseling and Wellness Center
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA. LPC
Brad provides trauma-informed therapy for individuals struggling with addiction, substance abuse, compulsive behaviors, internet addiction, and gaming addiction. He works with clients seeking deeper healing from the emotional pain, trauma, stress, and unhealthy patterns that often contribute to addictive behaviors and difficulty breaking destructive cycles. His goal is to help clients restore emotional balance, improve functioning, strengthen relationships, and create meaningful and lasting change.
Many individuals struggling with addiction feel stuck in patterns of shame, isolation, emotional overwhelm, anxiety, depression, or self-destructive coping behaviors. Addiction is often connected to unresolved trauma, difficult life experiences, emotional pain, attachment wounds, or chronic stress. This is one reason why simply being told to “stop” is rarely effective. Lasting recovery requires understanding and healing the underlying issues driving the behavior.
Brad takes a holistic and personalized approach to addiction counseling, recognizing that healing involves the mind, body, emotions, relationships, and sense of purpose. Therapy is collaborative, supportive, and tailored to each client’s individual needs, goals, and experiences. Clients are provided with a safe, non-judgmental environment where they can openly explore past trauma, triggers, unhealthy coping patterns, emotional struggles, and the deeper causes of addiction.
As an experienced trauma therapist and EMDR therapist, Brad integrates EMDR therapy (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing), trauma-focused counseling, emotional regulation strategies, and evidence-based therapeutic approaches to support recovery and long-term healing. Therapy focuses on helping clients process unresolved trauma, reduce compulsive behaviors, build self-awareness, strengthen emotional resilience, and develop healthier coping skills and relationships.
Brad believes recovery is about more than simply stopping a behavior or substance use. The goal is to help clients reconnect with themselves, restore hope and self-worth, improve emotional well-being, and create a healthier and more fulfilling life without relying on substances or addictive behaviors to cope or feel better about themselves.
Healing and recovery are possible. With the right support, clients can move beyond addiction, regain control of their lives, strengthen relationships, and redefine who they are today.
Virtual counseling and online trauma-focused therapy sessions are available, providing confidential and convenient access to professional addiction and trauma therapy from the comfort of home.
28 Years Experience
Online in Multiple States
Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Minnesota, Mississippi, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
(Online Only)
Substance Abuse
Josh Dolin: Life Coach | Purpose Pathfinder
Life Coach
Struggling with addiction can feel overwhelming, but you don’t have to face it alone. I offer compassionate, supportive coaching to help you understand the root causes of your substance use and develop healthier coping strategies. Together, we’ll create a personalized plan to guide you toward breaking free from addiction and building a balanced, purpose-driven life. With practical tools and encouragement, I’ll support you on the path to long-term recovery. Start your journey by scheduling a complimentary 15-minute consultation, where we’ll discuss how coaching can help you achieve lasting change.
9 Years Experience
Online in United Kingdom, Multiple States
Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
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Multiple Canadian Provinces
Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland And Labrador, Northwest Territories, Nova Scotia, Nunavut, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Yukon
(Online Only)
Substance Abuse
Jason Herr
Psychologist, Psy.D.
I work with individuals struggling with addictions and substance use concerns that impact relationships, emotional well-being, and daily functioning. Drawing on extensive clinical experience treating substance abuse, impulse control, and co-occurring mental health concerns across inpatient, outpatient, community mental health, and private practice settings, I incorporate biological and neurological education to help clients understand how addiction affects the brain, behavior, and nervous system.
I have worked closely with individuals experiencing addiction as well as their loved ones and families. I help clients understand their need to use and what drives urges, while also supporting families in understanding the nature of addiction and the complex process of rebuilding trust. Repairing relationships can be difficult and gradual, but through this work it is possible to find solid ground where accountability, understanding, and stability can begin to grow.
Addiction often develops as a way to regulate distress, numb emotional pain, or create a temporary sense of relief or control. Together, we explore the emotional and neurological patterns that sustain addictive cycles while building healthier ways to regulate stress and tolerate discomfort. My approach is compassionate, direct, and nonjudgmental, helping clients move toward greater stability, insight, and long-term change.
16 Years Experience
Online in
PSYPACT states
Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, CNMI, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
(Online Only)
Substance Abuse
Marc Feinberg
Pastoral Counselor/Therapist, CBC
"When the Son sets you free you will be free indeed". Addiction isn’t a sign of weakness — it’s a cry for healing. Behind every destructive habit lies a story of pain, shame, and unmet need. Recovery begins when you stop running from your truth and start facing it with love. Freedom isn’t found in fighting harder — it’s found in forgiving deeper, believing again, and rebuilding from within. You are not your past, your cravings, or your mistakes. You are the courage to begin again. Healing is possible — and your comeback story is waiting to be written.
26 Years Experience
In-Person in Palm Beach Gardens, FL 33418
In-Person in North Palm Beach, FL 33408
Online in Multiple States
Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Northern Mariana Islands, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
Substance Abuse
Dr. Alan Ickowitz
Psychologist, Psy.D.
I have been specializing in treatment of addictions and substance abuse since 1998 when I was the director of a residential treatment facility for inmates with dual diagnosis in Zephyrhills Correctional Institution, Florida.
35 Years Experience
In-Person in Dunedin, FL 34698
Online in Florida,
PSYPACT states
Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, CNMI, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
Substance Abuse
Amanda Cummings Brandenburg
Psychologist, PhD
I work with clients contemplating recovery or making a big change to their alcohol or substance use. I also support people in recovery and have previous experience working in the Alcohol and Drug Abuse Treatment Program at McLean Hospital in Boston, MA.
11 Years Experience
In-Person in Charlotte, NC 28277
Online in
PSYPACT states
Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, CNMI, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
Substance Abuse
Dr. Jeffrey Spodak
Psychologist, Psy.D.
I have a long history of working with addiction and substance abuse with both highly successful professionals and people who have lost everything from addiction. I believe in both abstinence and harm reduction approaches and will work hard to "meet you where you're at."
26 Years Experience
In-Person in Manhattan, NY 10016
Online in New York,
PSYPACT states
Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, CNMI, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
Substance Abuse
Sara Deese
Licensed Mental Health Counselor, MA, MCAP, LMHC-QS
Addiction can feel isolating—but recovery doesn’t have to be a journey you take alone. Whether you're struggling with substance use, compulsive behaviors, or the impact of addiction on relationships, therapy can be a powerful step toward lasting change. I provide a nonjudgmental, supportive space to explore the root causes of addiction, develop healthier coping strategies, and build a life grounded in clarity, connection, and purpose. Together, we’ll work at your pace to create a path to recovery that’s meaningful and sustainable.
15 Years Experience
In-Person in New Port Richey, FL 34652
Online in Multiple States
Arizona, Florida, Minnesota, Missouri, North Carolina, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Utah, Wisconsin
Substance Abuse
Dr. Jeffrey Huttman
Psychologist, Ph.D.
For over 20 years I have been assisting individuals in addressing and overcoming drug and alcohol abuse. I employ decades of experience running inpatient and outpatient treatment facilities in a private practice setting geared toward maintaining sobriety in everyday life.
23 Years Experience
In-Person in Delray Beach, FL 33484
Online in
PSYPACT states
Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, CNMI, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
Substance Abuse
GRIS ALVES
Counselor/Therapist, Compassionate Inquiry, Trauma Informed Mindfulness Teacher
I specialize in working with addiction and substance use through a trauma-informed, nonjudgmental approach rooted in Compassionate Inquiry®. Rather than focusing solely on stopping behaviors, I help clients explore the emotional and nervous system roots of addiction—often shaped by childhood trauma, chronic stress, or unmet attachment needs. Clients seek my support when they are ready to understand their patterns with compassion, reduce shame, and develop healthier ways of relating to themselves, their emotions, and their recovery process.
11 Years Experience
In-Person in San Diego, CA 92104
Online in Mexico, Multiple States
Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Northern Mariana Islands, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont
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Multiple Canadian Provinces
Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland And Labrador, Northwest Territories, Nova Scotia, Nunavut, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Yukon
Substance Abuse
Dr. Mike Strand
Psychologist, PsyD
Addiction casts a long shadow, affecting not just the individual but their loved ones, turning daily life into a cycle of dependency and despair. The grip of addiction tightens, isolating you from the life you once knew and the people you love. My addiction treatment services offer a beacon of hope, guiding you towards recovery with compassion, understanding, and a tailored path to reclaim your independence and well-being.
18 Years Experience
In-Person in Austin, TX 78746
Online in
PSYPACT states
Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, CNMI, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
Substance Abuse
Dr. Daniel Cantor
Psychologist, Psy. D.
If you have a problem with addiction now, or, if you have been in recovery for any length of time, therapy will support your access to living a more happy, joyous, and free life without the use of substances.
14 Years Experience
Online in
PSYPACT states
Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, CNMI, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
(Online Only)
Substance Abuse
Ashley Maynard
Hypnotherapist, Certified Master Hypnotist, CMH Certified Hypnotherapist, CHt
Hypnotherapy for Addiction & Substance Abuse: Break Free and Take Back Control
Addiction isn’t just a habit—it’s a deeply ingrained subconscious pattern that can feel impossible to break. Whether you're struggling with alcohol, drugs, nicotine, or other substances, you are stronger than the cravings, and lasting change is possible.
Hypnotherapy is a powerful, natural approach that helps rewire the subconscious mind, eliminate destructive patterns, and create healthier coping mechanisms. Through guided hypnosis, you can:
✔ Break the Psychological Hold of Addiction – Reprogram your mind to reject cravings and self-sabotage.
✔ Reduce Triggers & Urges – Replace the desire for substances with healthier habits.
✔ Heal Emotional Wounds – Address underlying stress, trauma, or self-doubt that fuels addiction.
✔ Strengthen Willpower & Self-Control – Regain confidence in your ability to stay clean and sober.
You don’t have to fight addiction alone. With hypnotherapy, you can break free, reclaim your life, and step into a healthier, more empowered future.
Take the first step toward freedom—schedule a session today.
2 Years Experience
Online in Multiple States
Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Northern Mariana Islands, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
(Online Only)
Substance Abuse
Dr. Adam Shafer (Chicago, IL)
Psychologist, Psy. D., M.A.
Healing from substance abuse and addiction is rarely, if ever achieved through efforts to shame others and oneself. Rather, it requires honesty and a readiness to understand these issues within the context of a person's life that lends itself to an approach of curiosity and kindness.
17 Years Experience
In-Person in Chicago, IL 60607
Online in
PSYPACT states
Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, CNMI, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
Substance Abuse
Julien Moe
Hypnotherapist, Diploma in Clinical and Applied Hypnosis, Diploma in Life Coaching
Addiction or substance abuse is undesirable for your well-being. I use hypnotherapy to help you help yourself recover from addiction. All my clients have recovered and are living a healthy and happy life now.
10 Years Experience
In-Person in Queens, NY 11374
Online in Multiple States
Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Northern Mariana Islands, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming